ECOLOGICAL CONDITIONS ON THE TERRITORY OF MYKOLAIV REGION AS AN ARENA OF LEPTOSPIRA ENZOOTIC CIRCULATION

Abstract

The article presents the results of the analysis of long-term (1961-2022) situation with leptospirosis in Mykolaiv Region in its epizootic manifestation, which was considered from the standpoint of the general ecological role of pathogenic leptospira in natural and disturbed ecosystems. Taking into account the climatic, landscape and soil specifics of the Lower Pobuzhzhia Region, an attempt was made to assess the dependence of the location and functioning of different types of infection sources in the region, which has been transformed into an almost continuous agricultural landscape. The stability of pathogenic leptospira circulation in the northwestern part of the region, located on the spurs of the Podilska Upland, with sufficient precipitation (450- 480 mm/year) and the presence of powerful full-profile chernozems with a high humus content and neutral or slightly alkaline pH, was confirmed. The epizootic analysis of the situation with leptospirosis in livestock production in Mykolaiv Region shows that there is a direct correlation between the total number of farm animals and the frequency of seropositive individuals among them.Against the background of climatic instability in 2010-2022,significant changes in the serogroup structure of pathogens from natural sources of leptospirosis were detected, due to a sharp decrease in the activity of field foci of the "watering type" (associated with Grippotyphosa strains), partial elimination of circulation circles of Icterohaemorrhagiae strains (supported by water-borne rodents) and the absence of migration of strains of the serogroups Hebdomadis, Sejroe, Bataviae, Australis with the simultaneous elimination of farm enzootic foci of Pomona and Tarassovi.