ПИТАННЯ ЩОДО УДОБРЕННЯ ГРУШІ (PYRUS COMMUNIS L.) В ІНТЕНСИВНИХ НАСАДЖЕННЯХ

Abstract

Розглянуто результати досліджень щодо застосування добрив у насадженнях груші в Україні та за кордоном. Даних щодо розробки оптимальної системи удобрення інтенсивних насаджень груші на вегетативній підщепі в умовах України проведено досить мало, в зв 'язку з чим є актуальним питання з вивчення продуктивності грушевого саду за оптимізації мінерального живлення при застосуванні раціональної системи удобрення в умовах Південного Степу Північно-Західного Причорномор'я України.

The results of studies on the use of fertilizers in the pear orchards in Ukraine and abroad. Data on the development of the optimal system of fertilizer intensive pear orchards on vegetative rootstock in the conditions of Ukraine carried out quite a bit. Therefore, it is relevant to study the performance of the pear garden on optimization of mineral nutrition in the application of a rational system of fertilizer in the conditions of Southern Steppe of North-Western Black Sea region in Ukraine. Based on the results of the experiments, the following conclusions can be drawn. Pear trees have special features in nutrition, which must be taken into account when caring for plantings, is investigated in many countries. Negligent attitude to the individual needs of the plant can cause irreparable damage to the economy. Therefore, a thorough study of the features of soil and foliar fertilization of pear trees is a topical issue for today. Due to the limited use of pears in horticulture, compared to the apple tree, many questions about its reaction to these or other factors remain insufficiently studied. Data on the development of an optimal system for fertilizing intensive plantations of pears on a vegetative rootstock under Ukrainian conditions has been relatively few. Therefore, we consider the issue of research on the productivity of the pear orchard in the period of fruiting for optimization of mineral nutrition when applying a rational fertilizer system and foliar top dressing with complex microfertilizers in the conditions of the Southern Steppe of the North-Western Black Sea Region of Ukraine. The study of changes in soil fertility in fruit plantations is very relevant, especially with different methods and doses of fertilization, which have different effects on soil processes. In general, the issues related to the biological activity of the soil, as one of the indicators offertility, under the fruit plantations have not been studied sufficiently, especially when using different methods and doses of fertilization in specific soil and climatic conditions. So, the data found in the literature do not give a complete answer to the question of the effect of fertilizers, especially when foliar fertilizing pears, on the growth, development, productivity and chemical composition of leaves and fruits. Therefore, there is a need for further study of these issues, in particular in the experiment using complex microfertilizers in chelate form, which will clarify the chemical composition of the leaves and fruits of the pear and, in general, the productivity of trees and plantations under such conditions.