ПАТОЛОГОМОРФОЛОГІЧНІ ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ГОСТРОГО ТА ХРОНІЧНОГО ПЕРЕБІГУ ГІСТОМОНОЗУ ІНДИКІВ

Abstract

Встановлено, що за гострого перебігу гістомонозу індиків патологоморфологічні зміни характеризуються запаленням сліпих кишок геморагічного і фібринозного характеру із перфорацією стінки кишок з ознаками перитоніту, а також фібринозним перигепатитом і міліарним некрозом печінки. Хронічний перебіг гістомонозу характеризується фібринозно-виразковим запаленням та коагуляційним некрозом однієї із сліпих кишок, а також некротичними вогнищами в печінці та продуктивним перихолангітом.

Установлено, что при остром течении гистомоноза индеек патологоморфологические изменения характеризуются воспалением слепых кишек геморрагического и фибринозного характера с перфорацией стенки кишек и признаками перитонита, а также фибринозным перигепатитом и милиарным некрозом печени. Хроническое течение гистомоноза характеризуется фибринозно-язвенным воспалением и коагуляционным некрозом одного из слепых отростков толстого кишечника, а также некротическими очагами в печени и продуктивным перихолангитом.

During an acute course of disease the first clinical signs of histomonosis were appeared from the 10th days of infection and depression, refusal from feed, diarrhea with dark-yellow faeces and impurities of gas (foamy) could be observed. During an acute course of histomonosis cecum and liver were struck. The wall of cecum became thinner and hyperemic in the moment of inflammation that indicates on diphtheric typhlitis, leads to their inflammation with loops of adjacent intestines and with abdominal wall and leads to the development of fibrinous peritonitis. So-called "tube" is formed in the lumen of intestines and it includes a large number of leukocytes, erythrocytes, histomonas, mainly tissue type and epithelium cells. Pathological and morphological changes in liver were characterized by necrotic hepatitis and formation of lymphoid granulomas around histomonas as well as diffuse and focal proliferations from lymphoid and histocytic elements, which are placed in connective tissue. Macroscopic changes were characterized by protein dystrophy and congestive hyperemia. An increase level of granulomas in liver, thrombosis of vessels and hyalinosis of vascular wall lead to granular degeneration and necrosis of hepatocytes. On the liver's surface during the acute course of histomonosis as well as on cutting, miliary and submiliary necroses in the form of shallow, uniform, clayey nodules with unclearly marked borders up to 2 mm were registered. Chronic course of histomonosis were recorded among turkey poults beginning from 110-130 days of birth and diseases lasted for 1-1.5 months with the signs of exhaustion. It was found a fibrinous and ulcerative inflammation mainly in one of cecums, which was characterized by the increase of the intestines' volume, the presence of concentrated grey-white mass in gaps. During the long course of the disease, coagulative necrosis was registered on the epithelium and mucous layers of cecum. In liver macroscopic changes were characterized by necrosis in the form of homogeneous nodules with distinct borders, different sizes, sometimes up to the size of a pea. Pathological changes were typical for the fibrinous perihepatitis. The gall bladder was increased in 2-2.5 times, which is a sign of catarrhal cholangeitis. The parts of the mucous epithelial cells were in a state of mucous degeneration, and some of them were kept in the lumen of bile duct with mucus.